Depression: What It Is, Causes, Symptoms, Types & Treatment

Depression is one of the most common and misunderstood mental health conditions. It affects how you think, feel, and function—and it’s much more than just feeling sad.

In this post, we’ll explore:

• What depression actually is

• Common causes

• Symptoms to watch for

• Different types of depression

• Treatment options, both conventional and integrative

What Is Depression?

Depression (also called major depressive disorder or clinical depression) is a mental health condition that causes persistent low mood, loss of interest, and difficulty functioning in daily life. It can affect your sleep, energy, motivation, focus, and relationships.

It’s not just “feeling down.” Depression can interfere with your ability to live the life you want.

Causes of Depression

There isn’t one single cause. Often, it’s a combination of biological, psychological, and environmental factors:

• Brain chemistry imbalances (serotonin, dopamine, glutamate)

• Chronic stress or trauma

• Hormonal imbalances (like thyroid or reproductive hormones)

• Family history of depression or mental illness

• Medical conditions (e.g., chronic pain, autoimmune disease)

• Gut health and inflammation

• Life circumstances: grief, divorce, job loss, isolation

Common Symptoms

Symptoms of depression can vary, but often include:

• Ongoing sadness, emptiness, or hopelessness

• Loss of interest in activities you used to enjoy

• Fatigue or low energy

• Sleep problems (too much or too little)

• Appetite or weight changes

• Difficulty concentrating

• Feelings of guilt, shame, or worthlessness

• Suicidal thoughts or thoughts of self-harm

Types of Depression

Some common forms of depression include:

• Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) – the classic, long-lasting type of depression

• Persistent Depressive Disorder (Dysthymia) – low-level, chronic depression

• Postpartum Depression – after childbirth

• Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD) – related to light changes in winter

• PMDD – severe mood issues tied to the menstrual cycle

• Treatment-Resistant Depression – doesn’t respond to standard medications

Treatment Options

Depression Treatment should be personalized, depending on the individual’s root causes, severity, and life circumstances. At Solshine, we use an integrative medicine approach that may include:

Conventional Treatments:

• Antidepressant medications (SSRIs, SNRIs, etc.)

• Talk therapy (CBT, psychodynamic, etc.)

• Lifestyle changes: sleep, exercise, nutrition

Integrative & Functional Treatments:

• Functional lab testing to find underlying issues (inflammation, hormone imbalances)

• Nutritional support (e.g., vitamin B12, omega-3s, adaptogens)

• Trauma-informed therapy

• Mind-body tools (like breathwork, EMDR, mindfulness)

Advanced Options:

• Ketamine-assisted therapy

• Psychedelic integration support

• IV therapy for nutrient deficiencies and chronic fatigue

You’re Not Alone

If you or someone you love is struggling with depression, know that there are many paths to healing. You are not weak, broken, or beyond help. With the right support, the brain and body can recover—and life can feel meaningful again.

If you're ready to explore your options, our team at Solshine Wellness is here to help—without judgment, and with care that treats the whole person.

Frequently Asked Questions

How do you know if you're depressed?

You might be experiencing depression if you feel persistently sad, hopeless, or empty for more than two weeks. Other signs include loss of interest in activities, fatigue, changes in sleep or appetite, difficulty concentrating, and feelings of guilt or worthlessness. If these symptoms affect your daily life, it's important to speak with a mental health professional for evaluation.

What are the 4 main causes of depression?

What helps with depression?

Can depression go away on its own?

How does Solshine Medical treat depression?

What are the early warning signs of depression?

What is the difference between sadness and depression?

Is depression genetic?

What’s the best therapy for depression?

How is depression diagnosed?

Can I recover from depression completely?

What happens if depression is left untreated?Untreated depression can worsen over time and increase the risk of substance abuse, relationship problems, physical health issues, and even suicide. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial.

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